This study produced by the Eurydice network gives a detailed picture of the context and organisation of national tests in 30 European countries and the use made of test results in informing education policy and practice and in guiding the school career of pupils. It presents the diverse choices made by European countries regarding the objectives, frequency and scope of national tests and points to important Europe-wide patterns and trends. It also emphasises the need to develop coherent systems of pupil assessment that combine the respective strengths of nation-wide tests and other forms of assessment and aim not only to grade pupils but to help them improve. Zdroj anotace: OKCZ - ANOTACE Z WEBU